The Developement of the Internet

History of the Internet

* 1858- unsuccessful “Atlantic Cable” that connected US with Europe. This failed and but 1866 “Atlantic Cable” was successful and remained operational for almost 100 years.
• 1957 Advanced Research Projects Agency- APRA
• 1962 ARPAnet
• 1970 TCP/IP
• 1982 TCP: Transmission Control Protocol and IP Internet protocol; are selected as the protocol suite for ARPARnet.
• 1991 Tim Bernes- Lee at CERN releases ARPARnet.
• 1995 Technologies of the year.

History of the Web

• 1980 Tim Bernes- Lee- working for CERN:European Laboratory for Particle Physics, a graduate of Oxford University sets himself the goal of being able to link information that is dispersed through several separate data bases.
• 1991- the first world wide web server was developed and released to the public.
• Bernes- Lee and his team paved the way for the furture development of the web by introducing: the protocol used for communication between the clients and the server ie HTTP- HyperText Transfer Protocol; the language used in composing web documents ie HTML-HyperText Markup Language; and the Universal Resourse Locator ie URL.

some more points

• Historian
- History in general investigates change over time.
* Basic Historian sources and evidence:
- Manuscripts
- Printed texts
- Maps
- Pictures: paintings; etchings; photographs.
- Objects: museum items; archaeology.
- Places: Built; ruins; sites.

Text
• OCR: This is similar to a scanner but especially for historians- turns paper copy into a digital copy.
• Cross hatch writing problem for computers and humans to read.
• Transcription for e-texts.: Allows a find command.
- Bibliographic projects using “Pro-cut” & “end notes”- allows extensive bibliographies.

* Databases using “filmmaker Pro”: Huge amounts of information.
- 1861 electoral roll
- female orphan school.

-certain types of data are better naturally arranged to turn into a database.

- CD Rom datasets
- On a 24 CD Rom information regarding the entire population of Great Britain can be stored- 1881 occupation, address, etc.

BDM- Births Deaths and Marriages
1788-1945
Database for NSW population.

- “EXCEL”- a spreadsheet program.
Data sorts using “EXCEL” eg Penrith Lakes project.

Computer mapping using GIS- geographical Information Systems.
• Social Patters in colonial Parramatta.
- GIS can MAP and link DATA.

These pre-mentioned commercial programs can be used for:
-Academic and intellectual purposes eg a research project. One does not need to be a computer technician to use them.

- Computer modelling projects.
• Virtual spaces and reconstructions places for example the Historical place of ‘On the Line at Parramatta Park’.
- Anime; film; media; graphic and design; communications.
- By constructing the Virtual Space of Galileo’s observatory means that one can actually walk through it.
- Digital film can be uploaded onto a website
- Observer as well as historian.
- Explain every visual facet to computer people.
- 1810- how murder was detected? A female lured a male’ the subject, out of his house where men killed the subject.